Thursday, 21 April 2022

"Auferre, trucidare, rapere, falsis nominibus imperium; atque, ubi solitudinem faciunt, pacem appellant".



Those of us appalled by pictures of callously flattened civilian targets, whole cities, in Ukraine, almost in the centre of Europe in the 21st century should bear in mind that this is nothing "new". Even in recent years we've seen the same thing in Palestine, Yemen, Syria and so many other places and each time piously intone "never again" and hope that this one is the promised "Последний бой". Who are we kidding? (Tweet)


Wednesday, 20 April 2022

"British Archaeological Sites Damaged by Artefact Hunters": New TV Series Coming Soon

     Who do these people think they are?      
Great British History Hunters has teamed up with the British Museum (Portable Antiquities Scheme):
Episode 1x01; Apr 27, 2022
In this first episode a unique collection of Roman Bronzes make life-changing amounts of money at auction, mudlarks scour the Thames foreshore for treasures of London's past and a 3,000-year-old gold sun pendant stuns is discovered in Shropshire.
Their earlier press release gets the title wrong: "More 4 links up with the British Museum to learn more about our hidden history 3 November 2021. Surely, if the BM was involved, it should be a more public-spirited "to learn more about the destruction of our hidden history by thousands of artefact hunters and looters". But then the real issue seems to have got lost in a cloud of Indiana Jones-wannabe imagery and typically British archaeo-wafflyfluff:
Channel 4 has commissioned a new series Great British History Hunters for More 4 from Tuesday’s Child following the real-life detectorists and the journey their fascinating finds [ripped from the soil in England and Wales - PMB] make through the British Museum’s Portable Antiquities Scheme and Treasure processes.

Britain is a land of rich history hidden beneath our feet, where millions of artefacts [lying in archaeological assemblages and contexts PMB] are yet to be found that can reveal the secrets of our past [if investigated and recorded properly - PMB]. This series will tell warm characterful stories about ordinary people that are out-and-about all over the country [trashing archaeological sites and contexts - PMB] making extraordinary discoveries every day [and some of them reporting these loose finds - PMB]. Whether metal detectorists, mudlarks or amateur archaeologists, they [are among a mass of almost 30 000 hobbyists who - PMB] all have a passion for finding [taking PMB] the missing pieces that [would - PMB] help tell the story of our past.

It's every detectorist’s dream to one day find “treasure” that ends up on display in the British Museum or a museum local to where they live [to bask in the kudos and pocket the reward, while archaeology struggles to find resources to conserve, analyse and publish this material in real time - PMB]. With unique access to the Museum’s dedicated team of archaeologists [, propagandists - PMB], curators, conservators, and scientists, the discoveries are filmed from soil to gallery, revealing more history from the objects at each stage. Since its inception in 1997, there’s been over 1.5m finds recorded with the Portable Antiquities Scheme – a project to record archaeological finds made by the public - and whilst some of these artefacts can reap financial rewards for the finders, more importantly they [would -PMB] also help shed light on the history of our nation [as well as the sites they were ripped from, if their context was better known and the subject of proper analysis and publication - PMB].
But of course it's not about archaeology, or even really studying and understanding the past. Taking its lead from the popular TV comedy series (which was not about the past either), 'Detectorists':
Against a backdrop of the Great British Countryside in all its glory - rolling fields, stunning coastlines, hillsides, vast mudflats, breathtaking archaeological excavations, and the London skyline at night - we’ll meet a colourful mix of finders, including an 11-year-old YouTuber finding Bronze Age gold, an Indiana Jones enthusiast, female detectorists giving the guys a run for their money, war vets, devoted dads and a host of other finders that illustrate the camaraderie and companionship that detecting can bring, and the important role they all play in the British Museum’s mission to involve people in archaeology and share an appreciation of our shared past. [...] Sarah Saunders, British Museum’s Head of Learning and National Partnerships, said: “The British Museum’s Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS) is a unique partnership, that brings together archaeologists, museum professionals, landowners and finders, to better understand, appreciate and protect Britain’s rich past. [...] We are delighted that this work will be highlighted by this new series which will showcase the hard work of the Scheme and exciting discoveries made every year by the British public.”
But (from this) apparently not actually highlighting too anything about the issues involved in treating what is left of the archaeological record of "Britain" (read: England and Wales) as merely a bottomless quarry for collectables for private collecting and profit by a minority of selfish people that want to dig it all up and dispose of what they can find for themselves as they like and how that actually relates to the underlying principles and ethics of heritage management and archaeology with which this activity is hereby partnered. 

From past experience, this program almost certainly will NOT be telling the public about the relationship after quarter of a century of operation of this public-funded detectorists' scam between the number of finds that are recovered 'responsibly', i.e., reported and recorded, and the vastly greater numbers that are not, and what this means in terms of the overall destructive effects of this exploitative hobby. 

By not telling the public about this, the object-centred ivory tower eggheads of the British Museum will (again) not have to bother about telling the viewing public about the realities behind the silly publicity-spin 'expedition' jeep parked in front of their faux-classical façade aping imperial grandeur with the numpty in Indiana Jones garb standing next to it trying to look cool. 

After all, why in Boris's Britain would one expect any public-funded authority to actually tell the public how the unregulated trashing of archaeological sites by people "out-and-about all over the country" to build up scattered ephemeral private collections is (allegedly) "protecting" the archaeological record of Britain's (or even Europe/the world's) rich past?*


* And of course we should take into account that the eggheads in a "museum" would not actually be thinking about the dirty, grubby, archaeological record itself at all, but only about the gawpworthy artefacts extracted from it that in an object-centred view are themselves sufficient of "the past" for their own institutional needs and "mission". Equally obvious is that not a single one of the opinion-forming (ha ha) archaeological bodies of the British 'establishment' will utter as much as a peep about this manner of presentation of archaeological material in a public press release (or even draft a letter of protest to the PAS), will they? 'Course not.

(See also "The British Museum Did Not Bin This One" PACHI 4th November 2021)

Damaged cultural sites in Ukraine verified by UNESCO


Press release: 'Damaged cultural sites in Ukraine verified by UNESCO' by Alexandre Larcan April 19, 2022
unesco.org/en/articles/damaged-cultural-sites-ukraine-verified-unesco
As of 14 April, UNESCO has verified damage to 102 sites since 24 February – 47 religious buildings, 9 museums, 28 historical buildings, 3 theaters, 12 monuments and 3 libraries.

UNESCO is conducting a preliminary damage assessment for cultural properties* by cross-checking the reported incidents with multiple credible sources. These published data which will be regularly updated do not commit the Organization. UNESCO is also developing, with its partner organizations, a mechanism for independent coordinated assessment of data in Ukraine, including satellite image analysis, in line with provisions of the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict.
*The term “cultural property” refers to immovable cultural property as defined under Article 1 of the 1954 Hague Convention, irrespective of its origin, ownership or status of registration in the national inventory, and facilities and monuments dedicated to culture, including memorials.

To date, no UNESCO World Heritage site appears to have been damaged.

Chernihiv Region

  1. Historic building of the regional youth center, formerly the Shchors Cinema – (Chernihiv)
  2. Church of St. Theodosius (Chernihiv)
  3. The Military Historical Museum - a branch of the Chernihiv Historical Museum – (Chernihiv region)
  4. Building of regional children's library (former Vasyl Tarnovsky Museum of Ukrainian Antiquities) – (Chernihiv region)
  5. St. Catherine Church of Chernihiv – (Chernihiv)
  6. Former District Court House in Chernihiv (built in 1904) – (Chernihiv)
  7. Chernihiv Regional Universal Scientific Library. V.G. Korolenko (built in 1910-13)
  8. St. Kazan Church in Chernihiv – (Chernihiv)
  9. Memorial cemetery with a memorial sign to the dead and the chapel of St. Archangel Michael (built in 2014-21) – (Chernihiv)
  10. Voskresenska Church (built in 1913) – (Chernihiv)
  11. Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary (built in 1801-04) – (Chernihiv)
  12. Central City Library M. Kotsiubynsky – (Chernihiv)
  13. Regional Art Museum. G. Galagana (built in 1899) – (Chernihiv)

Kyiv Region

  1. Ivankiv Museum – (Kyiv Region)
  2. Voznesens'ka Tserkva, Church of the Ascension – (Kyiv Region)
  3. Old church (Tserkva Heorhiyivsʹka) in Zavorychi village of Kyiv region – (Kyiv Region)
  4. Petro-Pavlivska Church – (Kyiv region)
  5. The Irpin Bible Seminary – (Kyiv region)
  6. Memorial monument to villagers who died in the Second World War – (Kyiv region)
  7. House of Culture (built in 1952-54) – (Kyiv region)
  8. Church of the Resurrection of Christ – (Kyiv region)
  9. Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary (built in 2008) – (Kyiv region)
  10. Monument to the fallen soldiers of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (established between 2014 and 2021) – (Kyiv region)
  11. Bust of Taras Shevchenko in Borodyanka (established in 1999) – (Kyiv region)
  12. Wooden Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary (built in 1892) – (Kyiv region)
  13. Church St. Georgiy Pobidonosets in Irpin (built in 2021) – (Kyiv region)
  14. Convent of the Icon of the Mother of God "Uslyshatelnytsya" in Fasova village (built in 2012-16) – (Kyiv region)
  15. Mass grave of soldiers and a monument to compatriots who died during the Great Patriotic War in Bucha (established in 1951) – (Kyiv region)
  16. Church of Saints Elijah and Apostle Andrew the First-Called (built in 1997) – (Kyiv region)
  17. Local History Museum of Borodyanshchyna in Borodyanka – (Kyiv region)
  18. Central City Library in Irpin – (Kyiv region)
  19. Palace of Culture. T.G. Shevchenko – (Kyiv region)
  20. Monument to St. Archangel Michael in Borodiyanka (established in 2015) – (Kyiv region)

    Kharkiv Region

    1. Orthodox church in Kamianka village of Izyum – (Kharkiv)
    2. Uspensky Cathedral - Assumption Cathedral – (Kharkiv)
    3. Kharkiv Court of Appeal building – (Kharkiv)
    4. Historical "Slovo" building – (Kharkiv)
    5. Kharkiv Art Museum – (Kharkiv)
    6. Church of the Holy Queen Tamara – (Kharkiv)
    7. Kharkiv National Academic Opera and Ballet Theater – (Kharkiv)
    8. Residential historical building in Kharkiv – (Kharkiv)
    9. Kharkiv State Scientific Library (Korolenko State Scientific Library) – (Kharkiv)
    10. Building of the faculty of Economics of Kharkiv National University – (Kharkiv)
    11. Building of the former "Palace of Labor" – (Kharkiv)
    12. Church of the Holy Myrrh-Bearing Women – (Kharkiv)
    13. Building of the former central lecture hall in Constitution Square (Kharkiv)
    14. Historic residential building of the XIXth century (Kharkiv)
    15. Memorial Complex of Glory in Kharkiv – (Kharkiv)
    16. The monument of architecture "house of the former store "Lux" (XIXth century) (Kharkiv)
    17. Drobytskyi Yar Holocaust Memorial (Kharkiv)
    18. Historical complex of building of fire department buit in 1886 – (Kharkiv)
    19. Former women's gymnasium (built in 1870s) – (Kharkiv region)
    20. Kharkiv school No 7 (built in 1906-07) – (Kharkiv)
    21. Building of the Department of Labor and Social Protection of the Population of Izyum City Council (building of the XIXth century) – (Kharkiv region)
    22. Building of the Research Institute of Venereology (building 1889) – (Kharkiv)
    23. Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary (built in 1838) – (Kharkiv region)
    24. Church of the 2000th anniversary of the Nativity of Christ in Kharkiv (built in 1999-2001) – (Kharkiv)
    25. V.A. Afanasiev Kharkiv State Academic Puppet Theater (built in 1906-1907) – (Kharkiv)
    26. Holy Ascension Cathedral (All-Holy Church) in Izyum (built in 1826, completed in 1902-03) – (Kharkiv region)
    27. Church of the Cross  (built in 1809-23) – (Kharkiv region)
    28. Church of Saint Demetrios of Soluneia – (Kharkiv region)
    29. Former Palace of Culture for the railway workers in Kharkiv (Central House of Science and Technology of the Southern Railway) – (Kharkiv)

    Zaporijiya Region

    1. Church of St. Tikhon of Zadonsky – (Zaporizhzhya region)
    2. Historical and Architectural Museum "Popov Manor" (Historical and architectural museum reserve "Sadyba Popova", complex of the 19th century) – (Zaporizhzhya region)

    Zhytomir Region

    1. Orthodox church near Zhytomyr (Church of the Blessed Virgin of the Ovruch Eparchy of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church) – (Zhytomyr Region)
    2. Church of St. Nicholas (Church of the Holy Veil defrocked Archimandrite Agathangelos) – (Zhytomyr Region)

    Donetsk Region

    1. Svyatogorsk Holy Dormition Lavra – (Donetsk region)
    2. Church of St. Nicholas of Myrlikiysky Wonderworker – (Donetsk region)
    3. Chapel of the Holy Martyr Tatiana – (Donetsk region)
    4. Church of Christ the Savior (Tserkva Khrysta Spasytelya) – (Donetsk region)
    5. The Drama Theater in Mariupol –  (Donetsk region)
    6. Our Lady of Kazan Orthodox Cathedral in Marinka–  (Donetsk region)
    7. Monument to Metropolitan Ignatium of Mariupol in Mariupol – (Donetsk region)
    8. St. Archangel Michael Church in Mariupol – (Donetsk region)
    9. Church of the Icon of the Mother of God "Joy of All Mourners" – (Donetsk region)
    10. The Holy Transfiguration Church – (Donetsk region)
    11. St. Nicholas the Wonderworker – (Donetsk region)
    12. Church of the Nativity of the blessed Virgin Mary in Mariupol – (Donetsk region)
    13. St. Dmytrivska Church (built in 1850-61) – (Donetsk region)
    14. Mariupol Museum of Local Lore – (Donetsk region)
    15. Residential building of the XIXth century in Mariupol – (Donetsk region)
    16. Memorial monument to Afghan soldiers – (Donetsk region)
    17. Residential buildings in Mariupol (1930-41) – (Donetsk region)
    18. Monument to V.G. Korolenko in Mariupol (installed in 1966) – (Donetsk region)
    19. City palace of Culture in Mariupol (built in 1952) – (Donetsk region)
    20. St. Volodymyr's Church in Mariupol (built in 1999-2000) – (Donetsk region)
    21. Church Vifaniya in Mariupol (building of the early XXI century) – (Donetsk region)
    22. Yuryev's House in Mariupol (building of the late nineteenth century) – (Donetsk region) 


    23. Lu[h]ansk Region

      1. St. Catherine's Church (Katerynynsʹka Tserkva) – (Luhansk region)
      2. Church in honor of the Icon of the Mother of God "Joy of All Who Sorrow" in Sverodonets – (Luhansk region)
      3. Islamic Cultural Centre "Bismillah" in Severodonetsk– (Luhansk region)
      4. Church of the Nativity in Severodonetsk– (Luhansk region)
      5. St. Tykhvin Church – (Luhansk region)
      6. St. Nicholas Chuch – (Luhansk region)
      7. Church of St. Luke of Crimea (building of the early XXI century) – (Luhansk region)

      Sumy Region

      1. Okhtyrka City Museum of Local Lore – (Sumy region)
      2. Architectural monument of the former People's House (1911-1914) – (Sumy region)
      3. Historical monument of architecture of national importance - the house of the estate manager L.E. Koenig (1911) – (Sumy region)
      4. Monument in honor of the 183rd Tank Brigade (WW2) – (Sumy region)
      5. Okhtyrka City Council (building of the 20th century) – (Sumy region)
      6. Locomotive depot "Smorodyne" (building 1877) – (Sumy region)
      7. The main house museum of the estate L.E. Koenig (building from the late XVIII century – 1870; part of Trostyanetsky Museum and Exhibition Center) – (Sumy region)

Monday, 18 April 2022

Mariupol Now

 

The Museum in Mariupol SE Ukraine, the statues are 'kam'yani babiy' brought into the town from isolated sites on the steppe for safekeeping and exposed to damage from indiscriminate Russian shelling. 





Friday, 15 April 2022

Antiquities in Wartime: eBay and the Ukrainian Antiquities Sellers [Updated]

 

            That's probably the remains of a             
  looted cremation cemetery (eBay.com)

eBay has long been a place where Ukrainian artefact hunters, fakers and middlemen have sold their goods. For example if you are looking for "Viking" artefacts, a Ukrainian seller has something for you, here 1100+ items in one section alone just today. No matter that some of these items are not even Early Medieval Scandinavian in type at all (sometimes far from it) but many are clearly outright fakes. Or perhaps Scythian is your thing... There are 35 dugup artefacts on sale just today, among the books and tat. In a situation where you might be one of those odd people that is interested in collecting "Medieval"... then they have a range of "Kievan Rus" material for you - 509 items just today. Their definition of Kievan Rus is a little off, since a lot of this region was technically "under the Tatar Yoke" (the 'Golden Horde') from 1228 to 1480, part of Ruthenia (1250-1350) and then under Lithuanian and Polish-Lithuanian rule before later becoming part of Muscovy under Aleksy I Michajłowicz​ and later Tsars (interesting article on Russia's 'Gathering of the Lands' here). You can also buy considerable quantities of all sorts of dugup WW1 and WW2 militaria from Ukrainian sellers.

The picture is of some "9 pcs ROMAN Empire or VIKING Fibula Brooch BRONZE Fibulae UKRAINE Part Fragment", current bid: US $0.06 [ 2 bids ] Free shipping ("This package may be delayed due to shipping carrier service disruptions"). These are being sold, along with 965 other dugups trinkets and other items by seller " thebestfromukraine (4628)" [2.0K Followers 99.9% Positive feedback 17K Items sold since Jul 06, 2016; "Top-rated seller: One of eBay's most reputable sellers".] who boldly gives their location as: "Europe, Ukraine". They boast:

I live in Ukraine, Eastern Europe. The territory is rich in historical events, each era left its own unique and wonderful artifacts. At different times this territory was the property of the countries: the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Poland, the Russian Empire, Romania, USSR and others. During frequent wars, the territories were occupied by German, Russian, Polish, cheh, Romanian, Hungarian, and Austrian troops.
There are a lot of historical items left from different people that you can see in my store.
Many people buy such items to create their installations and decor.
Not only will these things beautify your home or office, they can be a great addition to your collection or museum exhibit. Buying antique items is the best investment that is independent!
Where else will you find such interesting items as not in my store?
Adding:
From my city to the fighting battlefields - 600 kilometers, so I can still work. On the first day of the war, Russia bombed my city ... :( Ukrainian Post work export now, - delivers packages to Europe - from there they will fly to you. It will take longer. I hope for understanding and help! Bid & win!
From the mention of bombing and Romanians, I am going to guess that this "city" might be Odessa or perhaps Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi. So some people are fighting and dying for theior country, while others profit from selling off its heritage. Not all buyers see this (comment by "m***d" in the US (?)) in the past month:
"We just received a large order of the most incredible antiques from this shop, packaged with the most delicate of care, and we witnessed history as we unraveled the gorgeous items - and the seller did all of this while in an active war zone! We feel absolutely honored to be holding a piece of history from a corner of the world fighting for their freedom. Thank you, thebestfromukraine, for your commitment to preserving history during a tumultuous period in your country - Glory to Ukraine!"
The objects bought included dugup WW1 and WW2 militaria including [iron] "cross(es)" for US $376.83. This seller has a lot of WW1 and WW2 dugups. 


Update April 16th 2022:
How much is worth the trashing of archaeological context and an archaeological site in a war zone and region where cultural genocide is being actively pursued? 

"Bidding Ended: Apr 16, 2022 , 5:59AM
Winning bid: US $1.25 [3 bids ]"

There's something else I would draw attention to. These fibulae are photographed in a way most people would say is "upside down", for generations, at least Almgren on, we've been accustomed to seeing fibulae pictured with the spring at the top and the catchplate at the bottom, in book after book, and museum display after display. That's the antiquarian way of looking at them, when people were less bothered about context (it also makes sense, if the pin becomes undone, the fibula stays in the fabric). But when we excavate graves more carefully (ie not with a metal detector and a spade) we find that over most of the Roman world and at most times they were in fact worn with the (heavier) spring pointing down. But our Ukrainian dealer shows them like that, suggesting they know more than average. And yet they write "Roman Empite or Viking" which is just noonsense. They are never in a million years anything "Viking"... as for whether they came from the Empire or not, they look more like Wielbark ones to me (but I have an aversion to Central European fibulologists and fibulology, as I do to metal detectorists, so don't quote me on that). This misattribution is presumably to make them more saleable. 



Ukrainian Antiquities for Sale on Your Phone



As well as in online venues like eBay, the trafficking of Ukrainian artefacts is currently taking place through social media, for example through illicit Facebook trafficking groups. As the ATHAR Project points out, users in Ukraine are selling artefacts through a US Facebook group in clear violation of policy.

On the other hand, since Ukraine now has an unofficial fake antiquities industry possibly equal to that of Bulgaria in its heyday, this  is the best way that unscrupulous and careless no-questions-asked buyers get stung. Basically if you trust a culture criminal to tell you what something is without knowing, and without demanding proof of "grounding" in a proper context, you are asking for it. "Ancint flint sicle" knocked up in a garage anyone? 




  



Russia Weaponizing History and Cultural Heritage


As the invasion of Ukraine continues, the latest policy brief from the Antiquities Coalition explores how the exploitation of cultural heritage has become a central component of the Kremlin’s information warfare campaigns, apparently orchestrated from the top by Vladimir Putin himself. 

Think Tank Warns Russia Is Successfully Weaponizing History and Cultural Heritage as Part of Its Information Warfare Campaign April 14, 2022


 
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